(Isaiah 11:1-3). The trees fruit, which is used all over the world in traditional medicine, is also available for purchase. It is the Pistacia terebinthus of Linn., a tree /e/elm.htm - 7k, Elon (8 Occurrences) Standard Bible Encyclopedia. thank you for the article of the terebrinth treeYah took me to Isaiah 6 today and i wondered what was special about these two trees..as i read your article.resurrection came to mind..the stump of the trees grew new life..i believe this will be so for those who truly obey in the End Days.lengthened life of days. /t/turpentine.htm - 6k, Genesis 12:6And Abram passed through the land unto the place of Shechem, unto the oak of Moreh. The tree spirits will hold sway over the surrounding forest or district, and the animals in the locality are often sacred and must not be harmed. The oak of Dodona was tended by priests who slept on the ground. Research has also shown that the galls even release antibacterial and antifungal agents that also protect the tree. Since the 1930s, this beloved symbol of springtime has been planted along Texas highways. Happy Tu BShevat! Other official mammal state symbols include the armadillo (designated in 1927) and the Mexican free-tailed bat (1995). Terebinthic Terebinth Encyclopedias Lexicons (teh' reh bihnth) A large, spreading tree whose species is uncertain so that translations vary in reading the Hebrew elah into English (compare 2 Samuel 18:9; Isaiah 1:30; Isaiah 6:13 ). ), from Latin terebintha resina "resin of the terebinth tree," from Greek rhetine terebinthe, from fem. In Greek myth, oak trees are said to be inhabited by spirits or nymphs called hamadryads, and if they were cut down by mortals, the gods punished them since the beings in the trees were believed to die. Terebinth is a small flowering, deciduous tree or large shrub that normally grows about 2 6 meters tall, occasionally reaching 12 meters. The leaves are pinnate, four to six pairs, and they change color and fall in autumn, leaving the trunk bare (compare Isaiah 1:30). Chili con carne (chili with meat) was a trail stew that cowboys made with dried beef and dried chilies. The site is also mentioned in the Hebrew Bible as the burial ground of Sarah and her maidservant Hagar. To the ancient Canaanites, the terebinth was sacred. Mamre is a significant archaeological site that has been discovered in recent years. Like the latter the terebinth has red berries, like small immature grapes. According to Tristram, the following three species of oak are at present common in Palestine: (1) the prickly evergreen oak ( Quercus . The seal of the Republic was modified in 1846 to become the Texas state seal. Pistacia terebinthus also called the terebinth /trbn/ and the turpentine tree, is a deciduous tree species of the genus Pistacia, native to the Mediterranean region from the western regions of Morocco and Portugal to Greece and western and southeastern Turkey (Kurdish Regions). renders by "terebinth." (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); POLICY applied generally to resins from fir trees. The ovary is superior. ABRAHAM'S TEREBINTH TREE. In 1839, at the same time as it adopted the Lone Star Flag, the Congress of the Republic of Texas adopted a national seal with a Lone Star surrounded by a wreath of an olive branch and a live oak branch. The distinction between the two is clear (now). More clearly the trees spoken here. [] The location of this story is on the outskirts of Hebron in a place known as Elonei Mamre ( ), which is translated Oaks of Mamre or Terebinths of Mamre. But why celebrate this birthday in the cold of February? Some people refer to the Terebinth tree, also known as the oak tree, as well as other types of trees. Recipes are often family traditions and closely guarded secrets. And three men going up to Elohim at Byth l shall find you there, one . The red fruits are sterile. (4) 'elon, "oak (margin, "terebinth") of Zaanannim" (Joshua 19:33 Judges 4:11); "oak (the Revised Version margin "terebinth," the King James Version "plain") of Tabor" (1 Samuel 10:3); also Genesis 12:6; Genesis 13:18; Genesis 14:13 1 Samuel 10:3; Deuteronomy 11:30 Judges 6:19 all translated "oak" or "oaks," with margin "terebinth" or "terebinths. Many Texas cowboys and cowgirls remain dominant forces in the sport today. It was declared the state tree in 1919. The Atlantic pistachio tree is not only a source of food and a lesson in mutuality, thanks to a very strange symbiotic relationship it has with an insect. An almond tree in bloom, late January early February. The longhorn became the large mammal symbol of Texas in 1995. from ayil Definition a terebinth NASB Word Usage oak (6), oaks (4). They get answers from a stick of wood. writers; yet the two are very different trees to any but the most superficial observation.The terebinth-Pistacia terebinthus (Natural Order, Anacardiaceae), Arabic Butm-is a tree allied to the P. vera, which produces the pistachio nut, and to the familiar "pepper tree" (Schinus molle) so extensively cultivated in modern Palestine. Historian of Mycenae John Chadwick believes that the terebinth is the plant called ki-ta-no in some of the Linear B tablets. In the Book of Joshua, the sibling tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh complain to Joshua that they have not been given enough territory. binth ter--bin (t)th : a small European tree (Pistacia terebinthus) of the cashew family yielding turpentine Word History Etymology Middle English terebynt, from Anglo-French terebinte, from Latin terebinthus more at turpentine First Known Use 14th century, in the meaning defined above Time Traveler Their audience is not a captive one, especially when you can rent a classic DVD for a buck (compared to $10 a seat for the cinema) from the drive-thru lane at the fast-food store. Calculating the age of a tree is important for determininga whole host of Jewish agricultural laws that are incumbent upon trees: orlah, maaser sheni and other tithes. Moreover, fruits are evaluated as a raw material for making bttm and turpentine soap and also used in the production of different seasonings and spices. Valley of, where the Israelites were encamped when David killed Goliath (1 Samuel 17:2, 19). Other official mammal state symbols include the armadillo (designated in 1927) and the Mexican free-tailed bat (1995). The terebinth-Pistacia terebinthus (Natural Order, Anacardiaceae), Arabic Butm-is a tree allied to the P. vera, which produces the pistachio nut, and to the familiar "pepper tree" (Schinus molle) so extensively cultivated in modern Palestine. Trees are used in Scripture to refer to individuals rather than meanings, and thus we find Jesus entering Jerusalem as a result. Transliteration: Elah Phonetic Spelling: (ay-law') Short Definition: Elah. Three angels appear to Abraham and stay with him as he plots to kill Isaac. The leaves are compound, 1020cm (3.97.9in) long, odd pinnate with five to eleven opposite glossy oval leaflets, the leaflets 26cm (0.792.36in) long and 13cm (0.391.18in) broad. In Crudens Concordance the alternative tr. Designed by Elegant Themes | Powered by WordPress, The Destructive Nature Of Termites: What To Know About Their Behavior And How To Protect Your Home. Terebinth scientifically known as Pistacia terebinthus is a deciduous tree species of the genus Pistacia and Sumac family (Anacardiaceae). Texas is home to more butterfly species than any other stateat least 400. Evergreen trees, which largely stay green throughout these cycles, are sometimes considered symbols of the eternal, immortality or fertility. (Root in WEB JPS ASV DBY YLT NAS RSV NIV), What is the significance of the land of Gilead in the Bible? Wreaths, ribbons or rags are suspended to win favor for sick humans or livestock, or merely for good luck. The terebinth--Pistacia terebinthus (Natural Order, Anacardiaceae), Arabic Butm]--is a tree allied to the P. vera, which produces the pistachio nut, and to the familiar "pepper tree" (Schinus molle) so extensively cultivated in modern Palestine. early 14c., "semi-liquid resin of the terebinth tree," terbentyn, from Old French terebinte "turpentine" (13c. The terebinth, also known as the pistachio tree, is a member of the cashew family and is native to the Mediterranean region. (3) 'allah (Joshua 24:26, English Versions of the Bible have "oak," but the Septuagint terebinthos). [8] The word turpentine derives (via Old French and Latin) from the Greek word (terebinthn), the feminine form (to go with the feminine Greek word for resin) of an adjective (terebnthinos), derived from the Greek noun (terbinthos), the name for the terebinth tree. Retrieved $(datetime), from https://www.etymonline.com/word/terebinth. A big terebinth, or Atlantic pistachio, the type that Absalom's hair could have got caught in. Xliv. One of the most important symbols associated with the hazel tree is that of wisdom. Terebinth is sometimes translated as oak in the broadest sense to describe any nut bearing tree. Known as atsjaar, they are used as a relish to accompany wines served during meals. Different explanations may be found of such customs which naturally take rather different forms among peoples in different grades. be exactly what Im looking for. But they're not some seasonal tree tumor. the Spirit of counsel and of might, The flowers are reddish-purple, appearing with the new leaves in early spring. I wouldnt mind composing a post or elaborating on some By 16c. "terebinth," an Israelite name, also a Hittite, also a city in Dan. Human beings, observing the growth and death of trees, and the annual death and revival of their foliage, [1] [2] have often seen them as powerful symbols of growth, death and rebirth. Pariatur eos illum itaque quis, officiis non! Thus, what seems to be puncturing and deforming the leaves of the terebinth the aphids in their little gall cradles actually defend the trees and help them thrive from season to season, century to century - if no one cuts them down. At least a few references occur in Judges: chapter 4 (in reference to Heber, the Kenite, of the children of Hobab), chapter 6 (in reference to an angel of the Lord who came to visit Gideonmost versions use 'oak'), and Ch 9 (in reference to the crowning of Abimelech, by the terebinth of the pillar that was in Shechemagain most versions use 'oak'). In general, any type of messenger of God appears under the cover of a large tree. Propitiation is made before the axe is laid to the holy trees; loss of life or of wealth and the failure of rain are feared should they be wantonly cut; there are even trees which it is dangerous to climb. What does the Terebinth tree produce? e'-lon ('elon "terebinth"): (1) A Zebulunite, who judged Israel ten years, and was buried in Aijalon (Judges 12:11, 12). Related: Terebinthine; terebinthaceous. oak in Isaiah 6:13, or even elm as in Hosea 4:13. Significance of trees in religion and folklore, Sacred trees and groves in Germanic paganism and mythology, A History of the Peoples of Siberia: Russia's North Asian Colony 1581-1990, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Trees_in_mythology&oldid=1117253698, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopdia Britannica, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2021, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the Encyclopedia Americana with a Wikisource reference, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, In literature, a mythology was developed by. Wild West shows, such as those staged by "Buffalo Bill" Cody, popularized the sport around the country. It has also been used in the treatment of cancer. Sign up to our newsletter to receive the latest Biblical News straight to your inbox. An alon that has sprouted several new trunks. (6) In Ecclesiasticus 24:16 terem (b)inthos, the King James Version turpentine tree," the Revised Version (British and American) "terebinth. [1], In Arab folklore, sacred trees are haunted by jinn; sacrifices are made, and the sick who sleep beneath them receive prescriptions in their dreams. The Bible says it was from the boughs of a great terebinth (some versions say oak) that Absalom found himself caught by his famously heavy tresses, when his fathers general, Joab, found him and ran him through (2 Sam. The technical term for this type of landscapeis a Mediterranean woodlands, an old-growth native forest in the Land of Israel containing five layers from the ground up: (1) grasses, (2) knee height shrubs (batta), (3) chest-height shrubs (garigue), (4) trees (maquis) and (5) vines. Transliteration: El Paran Phonetic Spelling: (ale paw-rawn') Short Definition: El- /hebrew/364.htm - 6k, 352d. The terebinth tree was also a popular place for idol worship in Bible times, and the prophet Jeremiah condemns this practice. Its name comes from the fact that the pistachio tree genus (Pistacia) has a hard, woody shell around the seeds that distinguishes it from other nut trees. [14], Pistacia adds red to the landscape Mount Meron, Israel. (n.) Mediterranean tree, a member of the sumac family, late 14c., from Old French therebint (13c. Each leaf has 4-6 pairs of leaflets, and usually another non-paired smaller leaflet at the tip of the leaf. MARY AND JOSEPH REST AT THE TEREBINTH OF ABRAHAM. These little creatures, Slavum wertheimae, create an incubator out of the leaves apparently only of this particular tree. Also, terebinth fruits are processed roasting the terebinth coffee that has an extremely attractive color and smell. The Pistacia atlantica nuts among the choice fruits of Canaan that Jacob instructed his sons to take back to Egypt (Gen. 43:11) were pistachios (although the Hebrew word used in that verse, botnim, is today translated as peanuts ). God is in the terebinth tree literally. The tree is the source of Chian turpentine. Melena, who had found "an ancient lexicon which showed that kritanos was another name for the turpentine tree, and that the Mycenaean spelling could represent a variant form of this word."[3]. Throughout Europe, trees are known as sites of pilgrimages, ritual ambulation, and the recital of (Christian) prayers. Skype: healthbenefit55. In 1971, the Legislature issued a concurrent resolution that cleared up the matter: "RESOLVED that the Lupinus texensis and any other variety of bluebonnet not heretofore recorded be recognized along with the Lupinus subcarnosis as the official state flower of the State of Texas." palaestina (Boiss.) If we look at a fruit-baring branch, we can see that the fruits can be blue or red. Credit: Yaacov Shkolnik THE GROVE OF MOREH. Old, large terebinths apparently survived the deforestation of the Holy Land, from Roman to Ottoman times because people believed them sacred and brought them their prayers and petitions. The alon tree, most often translated as oak, bears the name Quercus calliprinos. Their young are nourished by the nutrients in the leaves and eventually emerge fat and happy from an opening in the gall. The God of the terebinth tree exists. Mulberry tree symbolism has a long and rich history, being associated with protection, strength, and willpower. The reason for this translation mix-upis that, despite the fact that they are two distinct species, these two trees really have much in common. In this post I want to share a few words about two very famous (and misunderstood) trees that appear frequently in the Bible: the oak and the terebinth. In the plural form this word occurs in Isaiah 1:29; 57:5 (AV marg. 18: 915). Fertile flowers are followed by single-seed spherical drupe with a diameter of 5 mm and a green pulp. It requires a sunny exposure and average soils, tolerating lime and some salt, often grows near the sea, deep ravines and near salt-lakes and streams. About Tamarisk Trees Donkey tied to a tamarisk tree The pistil is short and cleft at its stigma. In fact, chemical analysis showed that they emit quantities of stinky organic compounds called terpenes. [1], The custom of transferring disease or sickness from men to trees is well known. Once commonplace in every part of the state except the East Texas piney woods, horned lizards are now a threatened species due to habitat loss, over-collection as pets and curios, and the invasion of non-native fire ants from South America. Research genealogy for Infant Daughter Burrier of San Antonio, Bexar, Texas, USA, as well as other members of the Burrier family, on Ancestry. The Lords strength is revealed in the terebinth tree, which is His righteousness and power even in the light of His righteousness. As the cattle industry grew and flourished, Mexican vaqueros and their successors, the American cowboys, began to stage competitions to test their riding and roping skills. The species propagates by seeds and shoots. [1] In Hawaiian tradition, a tree either located at the end of a valley or on a cliff near the sea, is used by the soul as a gateway to the Underworld (AKA Pit of Milu). This was one of the important settlement bases used by Abraham. The fruit of the terebinth is used to make a variety of foods, including pistachio nuts, pesto, and aperitifs. (See JPS DBY), 1 Chronicles 10:12all the valiant men arose, and took away the body of Saul, and the bodies of his sons, and brought them to Jabesh, and buried their bones under the oak in Jabesh, and fasted seven days. The chili may be served with garnishes such as cilantro, green onions, or cheese, along with warm tortillas. Our hearts abhor a vacuum. In Palestine, this tree assumes noble proportions, especially in situations when, from its association with some sacred tomb, it is allowed to flourish undisturbed. Sometimes, however, the tree is a mysterious token which shows its sympathy with an absent hero by weakening or dying, as the man becomes ill or loses his life. Over the ages, the Atlantic pistachio has found many uses. 14 (xliv. Especially if you are from the Mid-West and know a number of pelope how have served or are serving in that same military.These movies will probably be more popular in DVD form overseas & in Leftie strong-holds like California and New York. In popular literature it is also known as a Kermes oak. Red dye is obtained from galls that are formed on the leaves as a result of aphid infestation. Sometimes a man's life depends upon the tree and suffers when it withers or is injured, and we encounter the idea of the external soul, already found in the Ancient Egyptian Tale of Two Brothers from at least 3000 years ago. terebinth is found in the RSV for the tree tr. Immature fruits, including the stems, are preserved in vinegar and salt. This multi-purpose cactus became the state plant in 1995. Terebinth. Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/terebinth. Resin is mainly used medicinally in the treatment of cancer and also as a chewing gum. The fruit consists of small, globular drupes 57mm (0.200.28in) long, red to black when ripe. His response to them is to go ahead and appropriate more territory, but there is a catch: the forests need to be cleared. If you have any questions, please review our Privacy Policy or email us at privacy@biblegateway.com. It is also mentioned in Hosea 4:13 when Hosea is talking about Israel's spiritual adultery by sacrificing to false gods and how to repent and be forgiven in Hosea 14. Engl. "terebinth" is found in the RSV for the tree tr. Two of the most common trees in the Mediterranean forest are the elah () and the alon (). Tamarisk trees are evergreen, hence they offer protection throughout all the seasons. The plant is found growing in dry open woods, scrub, dry rock slopes, hillsides areas, pine forest, and maquis vegetation. Here is a photograph of an alon that has seemingly come back to life. They appear in large groups which acquire a very eye-catching pink color when they ripen. P. terebinthus is one of the European species of Anacardiaceae, a family of about 600 mostly tropical species. ELON (1). The plant is harvested from the wild for mainly local use as a food, medicine and source of materials. (See JPS DBY), Isaiah 6:13If there is a tenth left in it, that also will in turn be consumed: as a terebinth, and as an oak, whose stock remains when they are felled; so the holy seed is its stock. Get the BEST VALUE in digital Bible study as you prepare for Easter. Apollo granted King Dion's wish of bestowing prophecy upon his three daughtersone of which was Carya. 1800 Congress Ave.Austin, TX 78701Mailing Address: PO Box 12874Austin, TX 78711-2874 Map it, IMAX Information: (512) 936 - 4629 Tickets: Email Us. But on they live! 6:11). Of the Patriarch Jacob. Pistacia terebinthus subsp. The axis of the leaf is cylindrical, without a margin. Dwarfed trees occur among the brushwood all over the land.From this tree a kind of turpentine is obtained, hence, the alternative name "turpentine tree" (Ecclesiasticus 24:16 the King James Version, the Revised Version (British and American) "terebinth").E. It was Abraham's terebinth tree, near the grove of Moreh, not far from Shechem, Thanath, Shiloh, and Aruma. He cites the work of a Spanish scholar, J.L. The Jewish calendar marks the new year with the festival of Rosh Hashanah, which takes place every fall. []. The male flowers have a sepal with 3-5 lobes, and they too do not have a corolla. Transliteration: Elon Phonetic Spelling: (ay-lone') Short Definition: Elon. Debates rage about the most authentic way to prepare Texas chili con carne, but one rule is absoluteno beans! Scientists observing foraging goats report that the animals turned up their noses at the Atlantic pistachio and went on to seek something less odiferous for lunch. The fruits are used in Cyprus for baking of specialty village bread. Then Joshua said to the house of Joseph, to Ephraim and Manasseh, You are indeed a numerous people, and have great power; you shall not have one lot only, but the hill country shall be yours, for though it is a forest, you shall clear it and possess it to its farthest borders; for you shall drive out the Canaanites, though they have chariots of iron, and though they are strong. (Joshua 17:17-18). The stamens and the stigmas are red, and give the inflorescence its red color. Anemones (Heb. It can also mean "pillar" and refers to a strong leader. It is known from the biblical story of Abraham and the three visitors [Genesis 18:1-8].The tree under which he had pitched his tent is known as the oak . /b/botany.htm - 38k, Turpentine Noah Webster's Dictionary (n.) A semifluid or fluid oleoresin, primarily the exudation of the terebinth, or turpentine, tree tur'-pen-tin. (See JPS DBY), Hosea 4:13They sacrifice on the tops of the mountains, and burn incense on the hills, under oaks and poplars and terebinths, because its shade is good. And he said, I am. In the first chapter of the Bible, Abraham is commanded to sacrifice his son Isaac. Chili con carne was designated the state dish in 1977. Transliteration: ayil Short Definition: oaks. 17). In Japanese culture, the ginkgo tree is a symbol of peace and hope. Both of these Hebrew words are commonly translated as "oak" or "terebinth" in English Bibles, leading to quite a bit of confusion. Eucalyptus tree symbolism has been essential in many cultures and religions throughout history. The flowers range from purple to green, the fruit is the size of a pea and turns from red to brown, depending on the degree of maturation. In the vegetative period they develop "galls" shaped like a goat's horn (from which the plant gets the name "cornicabra", the common name in Spanish), that occur on the leaves and leaflets which have been bitten by insects. Haaretz Daily Newspaper Ltd. All Rights Reserved. Spoken in Antioch in the Old Church, as it was Called That He Ordered a Church to be Built at Mambre. By seeds, semi woody cuttings or air layering, Pistacia terebinthus L. (Cyprus turpentine). The terebinth extract consists of flavonoids, phenolics, triterpenoids, and essential oils. Ranchers burn the spines from the pads (called nopalitos) and use them for cattle feed. In Crete, where the plant is called tsikoudia, it is used to flavor the local variety of pomace brandy, also called tsikoudia. ), from Latin terebinthus (Pliny), from Greek terebinthos, earlier terminthos, probably from a non-Indo-European language (Klein suggests Creto-Minoic). Ziffer, Irit. Archaeological excavations at Mamre reveal evidence of ancient Jewish settlements as well as the biblical story of Abraham and his three disciples. The brown wood is very attractive. "(WEB JPS ASV DBY NAS RSV NIV), Ezekiel 6:13And ye shall know that I am Jehovah, when their slain men shall be among their idols round about their altars, upon every high hill, on all the tops of the mountains, and under every green tree, and under every thick oak, the places where they offered sweet savor to all their idols. As wild habitat becomes scarcer, many Texans plant butterfly gardens to attract and provide shelter for the beautiful insects. xliv. My spouse and I absolutely love your blog and find a lot of your posts to lxi. `El occurs only in the word El-paran (Genesis 14:6). 14) represents a specific quantity of material. The ginkgo tree is a symbol of strength, endurance, and longevity in Chinese culture. It is also used to treat cystitis (inflammation of the urinary bladder) accompanied by fierce burning and drawing pains in the bladder, urethra and/ or the kidneys alongside unclear or dark urine that has a sweet odor. of the subjects you write regarding here. Tamarisk tree symbolism has long been associated with protection. After the end of the open range, longhorns were almost bred out of existence, but were saved by breeders in the 1920s for exhibit in Texas state parks. At times, the butterflies fill the Texas sky and gather on the trees by the hundreds or thousands. The terebinth tree (Pistacia terebinthus) is a bush or small tree which normally grows to a height of about 5 metres, although it can reach a height of 10 metres. Leaves of the plant are used as tea medicinally. The Hebrew distinguishes the Palestine oak and the terebinth. It is taken internally in the treatment of asthma and chronic bronchial infections, streptococcal, urinary and renal infections, hemorrhage, gallstones, tapeworm and rheumatism. The tree is also known as the Terebinth (Pistacia terebinthus), and it is a large, handsome tree with medicinal properties all over the world. The plant can be used as a rootstock for the pistachio nut, P. vera. The fruit produced oil used for lighting and medicine and the wood was carved into olive presses and other agricultural devices. The whole plant emits a strong smell: bitter, resinous, or medicinal. Let us dig deeply and toss them in the hole. At one time terebinth is found growing on the eastern shores of the Mediterranean Sea (in Syria, Lebanon, Israel and the Palestinian territories), Tourist tree, Cyprus turpentine, Cyprus Turpentine, Terebinth, Turpentine tree, Cyprus turpentine tree, Terebinth tree, Eastern Turpentine Tree, terebinth pistachio, Small flowering, deciduous tree or large shrub, Dry open woods, scrub, dry rock slopes, hillsides areas, pine forest, and maquis vegetation, Grows best in a sandy to stony alkaline soil, 2 6 meters tall, occasionally reaching 12 meters, Compound, 1020 cm (3.97.9 in) long, odd pinnate with five to eleven opposite glossy oval leaflets, the leaflets 26 cm (0.792.36 in) long and 13 cm (0.391.18 in) broad. The Texas rodeo has its roots in the Spanish cattle culture of the 1700s. Look forward to your next articles .. Jerry, many thanks for your kind words. 3). Terebinths are also found in Isaiah in possible reference to idolatry associated with the trees, although in the Septuagint and Vulgate the word is translated 'idols', as the plural of el.).